[GHHF] Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s Vande Mataram became the unifying anthem during the Independence movement. It is now the National Anthem.
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was born on June 27, 1838, in the village Kantalpara of the 24 Paraganas District of Bengal and died on April 8, 1894. He is famous as the author of Vande Mataram, India's national song.
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee began his literary career as a writer of verse. He then turned to fiction. Durgeshnandini, his first Bengali romance, was published in 1865. His famous novels include Kapalkundala (1866), Mrinalini (1869), Vishbriksha (1873), Chandrasekhar (1877), Rajani (1877), Rajsimha (1881), and Devi Chaudhurani (1884). Bankim Chandra Chatterjee most famous novel was Anand Math (1882). Anand Math contained the song "Vande Mataram", which was later adopted as the National Song.
"Vande Mataram" ("I bow to thee, Mother") is a Bengali poem by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, first published in his 1882 novel Anandamath, that became a rallying cry for India's independence movement and is now India's national song. Written in Sanskritized Bengali in the 1870s, the song personifies India as a mother goddess, praising its beauty and strength, and was first sung publicly by Rabindranath Tagore in 1896. In 1950, the first two stanzas were adopted as the national song, honored equally with the national anthem, "Jana Gana Mana".
In December 2025, a recent 10-hour parliamentary debate marked 150 years of Vande Mataram, highlighting its role as a unifying, patriotic anthem from the freedom struggle. Lok Sabha speaker Om Birla opened the special discussion, calling this national song a powerful symbol of India’s harmony, strength, and freedom struggle, and said the debate aims to honor the sacrifices of freedom fighters and pass their legacy to future generations.
Prime Minister Modi described it as a "mantra" for sacrifice and national pride, while opposition members suggested it was used to deflect from current political and governance issues. He remarked that Vande Mataram, the mantra and clarion call that energized and inspired the nation's freedom movement, showing the path of sacrifice and penance, is remembered, and that it is a great privilege for all in the House. Shri Modi highlighted that it is a matter of pride that the nation is witnessing the historic 150th anniversary of Vande Mataram.
The PM highlighted that the same sentiment, values, culture, and tradition were gifted to the nation in the finest words and a noble spirit through Vande Mataram. He emphasized that Vande Mataram was not merely a mantra for political freedom or simply about driving away the British and charting our own path; it went far beyond that. The Prime Minister stated that the freedom struggle was also a sacred battle to liberate the motherland, to free Mother India from shackles. He noted that when we look at the background of Vande Mataram and its stream of values, we see a recurring truth dating back to the Vedic era. He underscored that when we say Vande Mataram, it reminds us of the Vedic declaration: this land is my mother, and I am her son.
The Prime Minister noted that this very idea was echoed by Lord Shri Ram when he renounced the grandeur of Lanka, declaring “Janani Janmabhoomishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi”. He emphasized that Vande Mataram is the modern embodiment of this great cultural tradition.
The highlights of Sri Narendra Modi's speech are:
• Vande Mataram rekindled an idea deeply rooted in India for thousands of years
• Vande Mataram also contained the cultural energy of thousands of years; it also had the fervor for freedom and the vision of an independent India.
• The deep connection of Vande Mataram with the people reflects the journey of our freedom movement.
• Vande Mataram gave strength and direction to our freedom movement.
• Vande Mataram was the all-encompassing mantra that inspired freedom, sacrifice, strength, purity, dedication, and resilience.
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